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X射线 3

探测系统 2

细水雾 2

高压 2

&gamma 1

(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射 1

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5-戊二胺 1

Al2O3-MxOy 1

BNCT医院中子照射器 1

Beclin-1 1

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Lamellar thickness transition of melt-crystallized polybuten-1 tetragonal phase: configurational change in chain folding directions

Motoi YAMASHITA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 26-32 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0002-2

摘要： Lamellar crystal thickness of isotactic polybutene-1 ( -PB1) have been investigated for crystallization in the melt over a wide range of crystallization temperature from 40°C to 90°C by small angle X-ray scattering experiments and density measurements. The crystal thickness demonstrates two linear dependences on inverse supercooling and a transition from one dependence to the other has been observed around = 65°C. Each of the two dependences obeys the nucleation theory in the high and low supercooling ranges, respectively. Chain folding free energy determined from the low supercooling range is larger than that determined from the high supercooling range. Possible mechanisms for the transition are discussed taking account of entropy of chain folding directions.

关键词： isotactic polybutene-1     tetragonal phase     crystal thickness     melt growth     chain folding     small angle X-ray scattering     nucleation theory     end surface free energy    

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采用白光X射线源和模拟阵列能量色散阵列探测器的高通量粉末衍射技术 Article

汪晓平, 董伟伟, 张鹏, 唐浩琪, 张澜庭, 杨铁莹, 刘鹏, 汪洪, 项晓东

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第10卷 第3期   页码 81-88 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.023

摘要： text-align: justify;">在上海同步辐射光源（SSRF）的弯铁光束线上，利用由空间扫描硅漂移探测器（SDD）模拟获得的能量色散阵列探测器，对CeO2样品进行高通量白光X射线粉末衍射校正后的衍射图谱表明，由能量色散X 射线衍射（EDXRD）获得的不同衍射峰之间的相对强度与来自角度分辨X射线衍射（ARXRD）的相对强度一致，说明EDXRD结果可用于分析未知样品的晶体结构。实验同时采集了X射线荧光（XRF）信号。来自所有像素的XRF计数可直接在能量坐标下叠加，而衍射信号则需在d 空间下叠加，从而大大改善了阵列探测器的峰值强度和信噪比（S/N）。与ARXRD相比，白光X射线衍射信号强度是单色光衍射信号强度的104倍左右。

关键词： 高通量实验     白光X射线衍射     能量色散阵列探测器     能量色散X射线衍射     角分辨X射线衍射    

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A study on quality evaluation for bituminous mixture using X-ray CT

Satoshi TANIGUCHI, Keiichiro OGAWA, Jun OTANI, Itaru NISHIZAKI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 89-101 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0197-7

摘要： The objective of this paper is to propose a new quality evaluation method for asphalt concrete mixture using X-ray CT scanner. To achieve this aim, asphalt mixtures should be subjected to the X-ray CT scanning and its characteristics should be clarified. The approach employed in this study was as follows: 1) Coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler and bitumen were prepared; 2) dense-graded, coarse-graded and porous asphalt mixtures were made; 3) materials and mixtures were subjected to the X-ray CT scanning; 4) frequency of CT-value, threshold value, average slice CT-value, average segment CT-value were computed. In the material examination, CT-value of aggregate becomes smaller in the order of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler and CT image of bitumen was nearly homogeneous. In the mixture examination, histograms of CT-value and four segmentation images made from CT images expressed the material and mixture characterization such as particle size and the difference in bitumen content and mixture type visibly and the bitumen content varies with the threshold values. In addition, the average segment CT-value without threshold value by dividing the fine aggregate from the coarse aggregate and average CT-value of the coarse aggregate, especially is highly correlated with average CT-value of the bitumen.

关键词： asphalt concrete mixture     aggregate     bitumen     bitumen content     quality evaluation     X-ray CT    

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Adsorption of fluoride on clay minerals and their mechanisms using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Junyi DU, Daishe WU, Huayun XIAO, Ping LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 212-226 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0255-5

摘要： This research investigates the adsorption mechanisms of fluoride (F) on four clay minerals (kaolinite, montmorillonite, chlorite, and illite) under different F concentrations and reaction times by probing their fluoride superficial layer binding energies and element compositions using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At high F concentrations ( = 5–1000 mg·L ), the amount of F adsorbed ( ), amount of hydroxide released by clay minerals, solution F concentration, and the pH increase with increasing . The increases are remarkable at >50 mg·L . The increases significantly by continuously modifying the pH level. At <5–100 mg·L , clay minerals adsorb H to protonate aluminum-bound surface-active hydroxyl sites in the superficial layers and induce F binding. As the increases, F , along with other cations, is adsorbed to form a quasi-cryolite structure. At >100 mg·L , new minerals precipitate and the product depends on the critical Al concentration. At [Al ]>10 mol·L , cryolite forms, while at [Al ]<10 mol·L , AlF is formed. At low (0.3–1.5 mg·L ), proton transfer occurs, and the F adsorption capabilities of the clay minerals increase with time.

关键词： clay mineral     fluoride (F)     adsorption mechanism     X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)    

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Establishing two-stage interaction between fly ash and NaOH by X-ray and infrared analyses

Bhagwanjee JHA,Nevin KOSHY,Devendra Narain SINGH

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 216-221 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0630-8

摘要： The interaction of the fly ash and NaOH, in an open reflux hydrothermal system at 100°C, has been explored by several researchers and formation of fly ash zeolites has been confirmed based on the X-ray diffraction analysis of the residues. However, this method does not reveal much about the characteristic transitions (viz. elemental, electro-negativity and cation exchange capacity) of the residues. In this situation, resorting to Fourier transform-infrared radiation (FT-IR) spectroscopy on the residues obtained from two-stage hydrothermal treatment process, described in this manuscript, appears to be a novel idea to establish transitions in chemical bonds (viz., -Si-OH-Al-, OH-Na, OH-Al-), crystallinity and cation exchange capacity of these residues. Based on extensive studies, it has been demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy is extremely useful for 1) detection of chemical bonds in the residues, 2) evaluation of zeolites in the residues and 3) also establishing the superiority of the two-stage interaction of the fly ash with NaOH for synthesizing better fly ash zeolites (viz., Na-P1 and Hydroxysodalte) as compared to those obtained from the conventional single-stage treatment of the fly ash.

关键词： hydrothermal treatment     alkali activation     fly ash zeolites     X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform-infrared radiation (FT-IR) spectroscopy    

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Error analysis of the parameters for non-coaxial grazing X-ray microscope

ZHAO Lingling, HU Jiasheng, LI Xiang

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第3期   页码 323-329 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0057-z

摘要： A non-coaxial grazing X-ray microscope, consisting of four spherical mirrors, is designed for diagnosis of inertial confinement fusion (ICF). The aberrations and imaging quality of the microscope are analyzed. To acquire excellent imaging quality, suitable tolerances for manufacturing and assembling the microscope are necessary. This paper researches the changes of Gauss parameters and aberrations due to component and subsystem parameters (such as the radius of the mirror, angle between mirrors, grazing angle, object distance, etc.). Here, spot diagrams and modulation transfer function (MTF) are first adopted to quantitatively evaluate the imaging quality of the microscope. Suitable manufacturing tolerances of components and assembly tolerances of the system are established on the basis of the discussion and analysis. A set of non-coaxial grazing X-ray microscopes is manufactured based on the tolerances. In site tests of ICF, the images with high resolution are obtained by the microscope.

关键词： non-coaxial     spherical     manufacturing     necessary     diagnosis    

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analysis of soil failure on defective underground pipe due to cyclic water supply and drainage using X-ray

Toshifumi MUKUNOKI, Naoko KUMANO, Jun OTANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 85-100 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0159-5

摘要： The ground subsidence on the underground pipe often is caused with the reduction of the effective stress and the loss of suction in the base course and then, soil drainage into the pipe. The final formation of the cavity growth in the ground was observed as the ground subsidence. Authors focused this problem and hence performed model tests with water-inflow and drainage cycle in the model ground. The mechanism of cavity generation in the model ground was observed using an X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanner. In those studies, water was supplied into the model grounds from the defected underground pipe model in case of the change of relative density and grain size distribution. As results, it was observed that the loosening area was generated from the defected part with water-inflow and some of the soil particles in the ground were drained into the underground pipe through the defected part. And afterward, the cavity was generated just above the defected part of the model pipe in the ground. Based on this observation, it might be said that the bulk density of soil around the defected pipe played one of key factor to generate the cavity in the ground. Moreover, the dimension of the defected part should be related to the magnification of the ground subsidence, in particular, crack width on a sewerage pipe and particle size would be the quantitative factor to evaluate the magnification of the ground subsidence. ?In this paper, it was concluded that the low relative density of soil would become the critical factor to cause the fatal failure of model ground if the maximum grain size was close to the dimension of crack width of defective part. The fatal collapse of the ground with high relative density more than 80% would be avoided in a few cycles of water inflow and soil drainage.

关键词： relative density     grain property     model test     road subsidence     underground pipe     image processing     X-ray CT    

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利用碱金属离子效应进行PEDOT:PSS 热电性能工程设计 Article

Jingjin Dong, Jian Liu, Xinkai Qiu, Ryan Chiechi, L. Jan Anton Koster, Giuseppe Portale

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第5期   页码 647-654 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.011

摘要： 在本研究中，我们针对三种常见的绿色碱性溶液，即LiOH、NaOH和KOH的后处理效果提出了一项比较研究，利用原子力显微镜、掠入射广角X射线散射、三波段分光光度计光谱和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱等技术研究了碱性溶液后处理诱导的薄膜结构改变

关键词： PEDOT:PSS     热电性能     碱性溶液     后处理     结构-性能关系     掠入射广角X射线散射    

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Design of efficient Pt-based electrocatalysts through characterization by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Nebojsa S. MARINKOVIC, Kotaro SASAKI, Radoslav R. ADZIC

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 236-244 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0487-1

摘要： A method is described to determine the internal structure of electrocatalyst nanoparticles by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The nondestructive spectroscopic technique typically utilizing synchrotron radiation as the source measures changes in the X-ray absorption coefficient as a function of energy. The bulk technique has found its use for materials characterization in all scientific areas, including nanomaterials. The analysis of the internal structure of nanoparticles reveals interatomic distances and coordination numbers for each element, and their values and mutual relations indicate whether the elements form a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture. The core-shell heterogeneous structure in which certain elements are predominantly located in the core, and others form the encapsulating shell is of particular importance in catalysis and electrocatalysis because it may reduce the amount of precious metals in nanoparticles by replacing the atoms in the core of nanoparticles with more abundant and cheaper alternatives. The examples of nanoparticle structures designed in the laboratory and the approach to model efficient catalysts through systematic analysis of XAS data in electrochemical systems consisting of two and three metals are also demonstrated.

关键词： X-ray absorption spectroscopy     EXAFS     XANES     nanocatalysts     core shell    

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β-Nickel hydroxide cathode material for nano-suspension redox flow batteries

Yue LI, Cheng HE, Elena V. TIMOFEEVA, Yujia DING, Javier PARRONDO, Carlo SEGRE, Vijay RAMANI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 401-409 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0496-0

摘要： As part of an effort to build a prototype flow battery system using a nano-suspension containing β-Ni(OH) nanoparticles as the cathode material, nano-sized β-Ni(OH) particles with well-controlled particle size and morphology were synthesized via the one-step precipitation of a NiCl precursor. The composition and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns confirmed that β-Ni(OH) was successfully synthesized, while SEM results showed that the particle sizes range from 70 to 150 nm. To ensure that Ni(OH) could be employed in the nano-suspension flow battery, the electrochemical performance of the synthesized β-Ni(OH) was initially tested in pouch cells through charge/discharge cycling. The phase transformations occurring during charge/discharge were investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy to obtain the shift in the oxidation state of Ni (X-ray adsorption near edge structure, XANES) and the distances between Ni and surrounding atoms in charged and discharged states (extended X-ray absorption fine structure, EXAFS). XANES results indicated that the electrode in the discharged state was a mixture of phases because the edge position did not shift back completely. XAFS results further proved that the discharge capacity was provided by β-NiOOH and the ratio between β-Ni(OH) and g-NiOOH in the electrode in the discharged state was 71:29. Preliminary nano-suspension tests in a lab-scale cell were conducted to understand the behavior of the nano-suspension during charge/discharge cycling and to optimize the operating conditions.

关键词： nano-suspension flow battery     β-Ni(OH)2     scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)     X-ray diffraction (XRD)     X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES)     extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)    

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脉冲X射线模拟技术的发展

邱爱慈

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第9期   页码 24-28

摘要：

文章简要介绍了利用强流脉冲电子束加速器模拟脉冲X射线的发展概况及国内脉冲X射线模拟源的发展现状，指出作为主要技术途径，高功率Z箍缩技术在实现超强脉冲X射线源和ICF驱动源上都有很重要的 发展应用前景

关键词： 脉冲X射线     高功率脉冲技术     脉冲电子束加速器     Z箍缩     ICF    

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Nucleic acid crystallization and X-ray crystallography facilitated by single selenium atom

Wen Zhang,Jack W. Szostak,Zhen Huang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 196-202 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1565-3

摘要： X-ray crystallography is a powerful strategy for 3-D structure determination of macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes. However, the crystallization and phase determination are the major bottle-neck problems in crystallography. Recently we have successfully developed synthesis and strategy of selenium-derivatized nucleic acids (SeNA) for nucleic acid crystallography. SeNA might not only provide the rational strategies to solve the phase determination problem, but also offer a potential strategy to explore crystallization solutions.

关键词： selenium     DNA     RNA     nucleic acid     crystallization    

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高压纳米X射线成像技术的应用 Article

毛立文, 林昱, 刘宜晋, 刘锦

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第3期   页码 479-489 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.006

摘要： "Times New Roman",serif">纳米级透射X射线显微镜（nanoscale transmission X-ray microscopy, nanoTXM）与金刚石对顶砧（diamond anvil cell, DAC）的结合，具有在极端条件下对材料进行高分辨率在本文中，我们讨论了当前高分辨率X射线成像的发展状况及其在第三代同步加速器X射线源中基于DAC的高压nanoTXM实验中的应用，包括为成功测量所需要的技术方面的考虑。

关键词： X射线成像     高压     金刚石对顶砧    

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含能材料的新型X射线和光学诊断学研究进展 Review

张抑扬, 陈森, 蔡洋, 卢磊, 范端, 史进春, 黄俊宇, 罗胜年

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第9期   页码 992-1005 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.019

摘要： 在本文中，我们简要回顾了一些新兴或已存在但较少应用于含能材料的新型诊断技术，包括二维（2D）和三维（3D）X射线成像、X射线衍射、相干X射线衍射成像、X射线小角度散射、太赫兹和光学吸收/发射光谱以及一维

关键词： 含能材料     X射线     太赫兹和光学诊断     多尺度测量    

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mechanical properties of municipal solid waste incineration residues with cement and coal fly ash using X-ray

Toshifumi MUKUNOKI, Ta Thi HOAI, Daisuke FUKUSHIMA, Teppei KOMIYA, Takayuki SHIMAOKA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 640-652 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0502-6

摘要： A significant volume of Municipal Solid Waste incineration bottom ash and fly ash (i.e., incineration residues) are commonly disposed as landfill. Meanwhile, reclamation of landfill sites to create a new land space after their closure becomes an important goal in the current fewer and fewer land availability scenario in many narrow countries. The objective of this study is to reclaim incineration residue materials in the landfill site by using cement and coal fly ash as stabilizers aiming at performing quality check as new developed materials before future construction. Indeed, physical and mechanical properties of these new materials should be initially examined at the micro scale, which is the primary fundamental for construction at larger scale. This research examines quantitative influences of using the combination of cement and coal fly ash at different ratio on the internal structure and ability of strength enhancement of incineration residues when suffering from loading. Couple of industrial and micro-focus X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanners combined with an image analysis technique were utilized to characterize and visualize the behavior and internal structure of the incineration residues-cement-coal fly ash mixture under the series of unconfined compression test and curing period effect. Nine types of cement solidified incineration residues in term of different curing period (i.e., 7, 14, 28 days) and coal fly ash addition content (i.e., 0%, 9%, 18%) were scanned before and after unconfined compression tests. It was shown that incineration residues solidified by cement and coal fly ash showed an increase in compression strength and deformation modulus with curing time and coal fly ash content. Three-dimension computed tomography images observation and analysis confirmed that solidified incineration residues including incineration bottom and fly ash as well as cement and coal fly ash have the deliquescent materials. Then, it was studied that stabilized parts play a more important role than spatial void distribution in increment or reduction of compression strength.

关键词： mechanical property     municipal solid waste incineration residues     coal fly ash     unconfined compression test     image analysis     X-Ray Computed Tomography scanners    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Lamellar thickness transition of melt-crystallized polybuten-1 tetragonal phase: configurational change in chain folding directions

Motoi YAMASHITA

期刊论文

采用白光X射线源和模拟阵列能量色散阵列探测器的高通量粉末衍射技术

汪晓平, 董伟伟, 张鹏, 唐浩琪, 张澜庭, 杨铁莹, 刘鹏, 汪洪, 项晓东

期刊论文

A study on quality evaluation for bituminous mixture using X-ray CT

Satoshi TANIGUCHI, Keiichiro OGAWA, Jun OTANI, Itaru NISHIZAKI

期刊论文

Adsorption of fluoride on clay minerals and their mechanisms using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Junyi DU, Daishe WU, Huayun XIAO, Ping LI

期刊论文

Establishing two-stage interaction between fly ash and NaOH by X-ray and infrared analyses

Bhagwanjee JHA,Nevin KOSHY,Devendra Narain SINGH

期刊论文

Error analysis of the parameters for non-coaxial grazing X-ray microscope

ZHAO Lingling, HU Jiasheng, LI Xiang

期刊论文

analysis of soil failure on defective underground pipe due to cyclic water supply and drainage using X-ray

Toshifumi MUKUNOKI, Naoko KUMANO, Jun OTANI

期刊论文

利用碱金属离子效应进行PEDOT:PSS 热电性能工程设计

Jingjin Dong, Jian Liu, Xinkai Qiu, Ryan Chiechi, L. Jan Anton Koster, Giuseppe Portale

期刊论文

Design of efficient Pt-based electrocatalysts through characterization by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Nebojsa S. MARINKOVIC, Kotaro SASAKI, Radoslav R. ADZIC

期刊论文

β-Nickel hydroxide cathode material for nano-suspension redox flow batteries

Yue LI, Cheng HE, Elena V. TIMOFEEVA, Yujia DING, Javier PARRONDO, Carlo SEGRE, Vijay RAMANI

期刊论文

脉冲X射线模拟技术的发展

邱爱慈

期刊论文

Nucleic acid crystallization and X-ray crystallography facilitated by single selenium atom

Wen Zhang,Jack W. Szostak,Zhen Huang

期刊论文

高压纳米X射线成像技术的应用

毛立文, 林昱, 刘宜晋, 刘锦

期刊论文

含能材料的新型X射线和光学诊断学研究进展

张抑扬, 陈森, 蔡洋, 卢磊, 范端, 史进春, 黄俊宇, 罗胜年

期刊论文

mechanical properties of municipal solid waste incineration residues with cement and coal fly ash using X-ray

Toshifumi MUKUNOKI, Ta Thi HOAI, Daisuke FUKUSHIMA, Teppei KOMIYA, Takayuki SHIMAOKA

期刊论文